What is a Supercomputer and Its Advantages

 

What is Supercomputer?

Definition: Supercomputers have a huge performance compare to other using general purpose computer because its architectural and operational model depend on the parallel and grid processing. Primary motive to design of supercomputer was to be used in large scale organizations where need more computing power.

 

Supercomputer has a power to execute many processes simultaneously on thousand of processors, because these types of processors can execute billions and trillion of instructions per seconds, so its computing performance matrix is FLOPS (that is floating-point operations per second). So these types of supercomputers are more expensive they can 5 lakh dollars to 200 million dollars.

 

List of Content

·  History of Supercomputer

·  Types of Supercomputer

·  Application of Supercomputer

·  Characteristics of Supercomputer

·  Advantages of Supercomputer

·  Disadvantages of Supercomputer

 

History of Supercomputer

The first supercomputer was designed by Seymour Cray in 1960 at Control Data Corporation (CDC). CDC produced a supercomputer that featured Multi Processor architecture, meaning it had multiple processors embedded, making it nearly ten times faster than computers built by other companies at the time. Before the late 1980s, many supercomputers used vector processors, typically ranging from four to sixteen processing units.

Today, traditional tech companies like IBM, Cray, and Hewlett-Packard continue to design powerful supercomputers. One notable example is the Tianhe-1A, which became the world’s fastest supercomputer in October 2010 and is located in China. Hopefully, this gives you a better understanding of what a supercomputer is and how Multi Processor systems have shaped their development.

Types of Supercomputer

The supercomputer has to divide into three categories such as Vector processing machines, tightly connected cluster computer and in finally commodity computer.

Vector processing machines: This machine invented in 1980 to 1990s. In which arrange the all processor in the array form, and its CPU is capable to execute all huge mathematically operations in a few time.

Tightly connected cluster computer: In these types of system, connect all groups of computers and assigned the task to all group equally so the reason of this clustering enhanced the speed of computer. There are four types of cluster like as Director-based clusters, Two-node clusters, Multi-node clusters, and massively parallel clusters.

Commodity Cluster: In this system, high-bandwidth low-latency local area networks were interconnected by the Commodity computer.

 

There are some types of Supercomputer with detail:

  1. Titan
  2. IBM Sequoia
  3. K Computer
  4. Tianhe-I
  5. Jaguar
  6. IBM Roadrunner
  7. NEBULAE
  8. KRAKEN
  9. PLEIADES
  10. JUGENE

Titan

Titan supercomputer was designed by the Cray Company in their Oak ridge national laboratory. This Titan supercomputer developed for the specific scientific project like as large atomic molecular huge simulator code.

IBM Sequoia

IBM Sequoia supercomputer invented by industry weight, IBM at the national nuclear security administration, in 2012. Prime goal of producing this computer, implement those supercomputer in simulation of nuclear weapons. Blue Gene/L name replaced to earlier updation of supercomputer.

K Computer

K computer was designed by company Fujitsu in the Japan. Main objective of this type of supercomputer implement in the diagnose, climatic, and disaster prevention. Its speed calculated Rmax 10.51 PFLOPS. Presently, this supercomputer placed in the at Riken University at computer science department.

Tianhe-I

The Tianhe was assigned the first rank as fasted supercomputer in the year 2010-2011, its speed was Rmax 2.566 PFLOPS. This supercomputer developed with estimated cost 490 millin dolor. Applications areas of this computer were petroleum exploration and design aircraft.

Jaguar

The Jaguar supercomputer came in the market before the Titan computer, and made by the Cray Company in their Oak ridge national laboratory in Tennessee. This supercomputer’s speed counted as 1.750 TeraFLOPS. This computers developed for manage some complicated problems such as climate modeling, renewable energy, scientific simulations for exploration and fusion among other. Jaguar supercomputer built by 37,376 six-core AMD Istanbul processors.

IBM Roadrunner

This powerful project was chased by IBM in the year 2008. It was developed in the Los Angeles national laboratory, and its speed 1.026 petaFLOPS. The usages of these types of supercomputer were done in nuclear arsenal. That computer was more energy efficiency supercomputer in year 2009.

NEBULAE

Nebulae supercomputer is places in Shenzhen, China. Its speed was 1.271 PFLOPS. Nebulae supercomputer was designed by Dawning TC3600 Blade system along with Intel X5650 processors and NVidia Tesla C2050 GPU.

KRAKEN

Kraken was other updated Cray XT5 system, and placed in computational science(NICS). Main objective of developing was for increasing the efficiency of the biofuel and weather modeling. NICS having a good partnership in between the Tennessee University and Oak Ridge National Lab.

PLEIADES

Pleiades supercomputer placed at NASA’s Ames Research Center in Mountain View, Calif. In the Pleiades supercomputer embedded the 14,080 Intel Xeon quad-core processors.

JUGENE

Jugene supercomputer was developed by IBM BlueGene/P technology, and in this computer use 72,000 processors. Its application areas are environment research, simulation material science, and other science research labs.

Application of Supercomputer

There are many application of supercomputer such as

 

Biology Areas

Mostly, supercomputer used to diagnose for various diseases, and provide the assistance for producing good result in strokes, brain injuries and other blood flow issues in your body.

Military and Defense Missions

Supercomputing help to provide virtual testing for nuclear explosion and weapon ballistics.

Climate Patterns

Supercomputer application is able to study and understand climate patterns.

Airlines Industry

With the help of supercomputer, designed the flight simulators for newbie pilots and this simulator help to training for new pilots.

Weather Forecasting

To gather the information related to weather forecasting, supercomputer run in the NOAA’s system, means National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. NOAA system is able to execute all types of simple and logically instructions.

Scientific Research Areas

In the weather and science research areas depend on the supercomputer because for analyzing data from the exploring solar system, satellites that rounding earth, and other area such as nuclear research.

Advance Database: (Data Mining)

Some large scale companies need the supercomputer for extracting useful information from data storage house or in the cloud system. Such as insurance companies.

Financial Market Place

Supercomputer plays vital role in the real financial success in the emerging online currency world such as bit coin and stock market.

Simulated Environment in Automobile

Supercomputer provides the help to people for buying vehicle because before purchasing the vehicle customer can test through simulation environment that created by supercomputer.

Smog Control System

Scientists use supercomputers in own laboratory for predicting the fog and other pollution level on the particular areas, and then take final step to prevent them.

Characteristics of Supercomputer

There are many characteristic of supercomputer such as:

  1. These types of computers are able to solve large amount of calculations, and complicated calculation as well.
  2. Multiple users are capable to access supercomputer at same time.
  3. Having more expensive so any ordinary users can not purchase that computer.
  4. Use for special areas where need to high amount and complicated calculations.
  5. Having huge storage capacity.

 

Advantages of Supercomputer

We will discuss about Advantages of Supercomputer  well.

 

This supercomputer can easily decrypt your password for your security purpose.

Not More Expensive According to Work

More organizations use this computer as part time, because supercomputer is able to perform big task in few times.

Implement in Filming

The supercomputer has superb power of rending the animation in excellent result.

Virtual Testing

Supercomputer allow us to virtual testing for nuclear weapons and other dangerous medical testing, because these types of testing more harmful for environment if implement this on real time testing. 

Other Advantages are:

· Not more processing tome

· Protect to environment

· Used for R&D

·  Advance Graphic capability

 

Disadvantages of Supercomputer

There are many disadvantages of supercomputer such as

·  More Expensive

·  Need more space for setup

·  Not useful for broad applications

·  Not able to replace physical testing

·  Need well trained staff

·  Required more maintenance

·  Need massive external storage for huge data

·  High power requirements

·  Need water cooling in addition to an A/C system, because supercomputer produces more heat during processing time.

 

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